For example, the Archdiocese of Washington has a webpage explaining the steps for requesting an exorcism, which includes contacting your local priest, who will then decide if you should be referred to "the exorcism team of the Archdiocese" for a closer screening process.
In 1999, the Vatican published "De Exorcismis et supplicationibus quibusdam," a brand-new and updated, 90-pages-long exorcism manual. Up until then, exorcists had been using the same guidelines since 1614.
The manual doesn't actually change how an exorcism is performed, but it sets some basic rules. As quoted by The Guardian, the book outlines the signs of demonic possession, which haven't changed for 2,000 years and include super strength, speaking in tongues or languages the person doesn't actually know, and having knowledge of secret things and information about things or other people. But there's something new in the guidebook as well: a warning that these could also be signs of mental illness, and priests should be diligent in ruling out that possibility. If necessary, they should even "consult with experts in medical and psychiatric science who have a sense of spiritual reality."
What exactly happens in an exorcism? You can actually get a closer look at the Rite of Exorcism online via Catholic.org, but basically, there's a lot of praying, holy water, and Bible reading involved.
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